In serving its mission to preserve the well being of Olympic sport and the integrity of competition, as well as ensure the rights and health of all clean athletes, USADA works proactively through multiple programs, including education; out-of- competition, no-advance notice testing; in-competition testing; and collaboration with law enforcement agencies, and worldwide networking with anti-doping entities, to identify and adjudicate those who would attempt to undermine clean sport.
During 2008, USADA’s Education programming reached out to more than 15,840 individual elite athletes, junior athletes, athlete support, and NGB staff, in forty-one (41) cities across twenty-three
(23) states, representing more than thirty-five (35) sports. These programs encompassed club events, athletic summits, symposiums, training camps, development camps, and coach’s conferences.
For 2008 the Drug Reference Online received 45,971 search inquiries, the Drug Reference Line received 2,068 call inquiries, and an additional 460 direct general inquiries were made.
USADA tested athletes in 69 Olympic, Paralympic and Pan American sports plus athletes from 4 other sport federations in 2008.
USADA performed a total of 8,532 doping control tests in 2008. Of those tests, 7,690 were domestic tests and 842 were tests administered on U.S. and non-U.S. athletes in the United States on behalf of other anti-doping and sports organizations.
Out-of-Competition (OOC) testing accounted for 5,047 (66%) of the total testing number. OOC testing typically occurs at the athlete’s home, training facility or other location and is performed with no advance notice to the athlete; however, some OOC tests are coordinated during team training
camps. Of the 5,047 OOC tests in 2008, 163 were carried out at camps. During this period, USADA also enlisted the assistance of international agencies to perform 75 tests on U.S. athletes living or training abroad.
In-Competition (IC) tests at 149 competitions around the U.S. accounted for 2,643 (34%) of the testing numbers in 2008.
In addition, USADA was contracted to provide doping-control services for 310 user-pay tests at 36 sport events throughout the United States.
In the fourth quarter (October 1 – December 31) of 2008, USADA conducted 1,571 domestic tests, 1,224 (78%) of which were OOC tests; 347 (22%) in-competition tests comprised the remainder of the tests.
For 2008, USADA announced a total of 25 anti-doping rules violations. USADA announced five (5) anti-doping rules violations in the fourth quarter of 2008, including one (1) suspension for exogenous testosterone, one (1) suspension for THC, one (1) suspension for Hydrochlorothiazide and
Chlorothiazide, one (1) suspension for failing to comply with testing requirements on three separate occasions within an 18-month period, and one (1) suspension for EPO.
USADA announces its testing numbers quarterly. Individual cases of alleged doping violations are announced at the time of the resolution. For the testing history of individual athletes, visit the USADA Web site at www.usantidoping.org.
USADA is responsible for the testing and results management process for athletes in the U.S. Olympic and Paralympic Movement and is equally dedicated to preserving the integrity of sport through research initiatives and educational programs.
2008 U.S. ANTI-DOPING AGENCY TESTING NUMBERS
Sport |
Q1
Total |
Q2
Total |
Q3
Total |
Q4
OOC |
Q4 In
Comp |
Q4 Camp |
Q4
Total |
Total |
Archery |
2 |
16 |
1 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
21 |
Badminton |
2 |
5 |
8 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
18 |
Baseball |
0 |
6 |
39 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
48 |
Basketball |
8 |
45 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
57 |
Biathlon |
22 |
5 |
11 |
6 |
0 |
0 |
6 |
44 |
Bobsled & Skeleton |
34 |
41 |
59 |
53 |
16 |
0 |
69 |
203 |
Bowling |
0 |
0 |
13 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
16 |
Boxing |
56 |
10 |
10 |
6 |
0 |
0 |
6 |
82 |
Canoe & Kayak |
40 |
66 |
25 |
14 |
0 |
0 |
14 |
145 |
Curling |
17 |
6 |
6 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
4 |
33 |
Cycling |
283 | 192 | 236 |
95 |
70 |
0 |
165 |
876 |
Diving |
5 |
51 |
4 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
65 |
Equestrian |
12 |
39 |
6 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
59 |
Fencing |
7 |
53 |
5 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
70 |
Field Hockey |
6 |
17 |
8 |
6 |
0 |
0 |
6 |
37 |
Figure Skating |
36 |
8 |
17 |
12 |
8 |
0 |
20 |
81 |
Football |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Gymnastics |
18 |
60 |
25 |
17 |
0 |
0 |
17 |
120 |
Ice Hockey |
7 |
5 |
6 |
13 |
8 |
0 |
21 |
39 |
Judo |
20 |
70 |
22 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
115 |
Karate |
2 |
5 |
10 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
22 |
Luge |
14 |
4 |
2 |
6 |
0 |
0 |
6 |
26 |
Modern Pentathlon |
4 |
10 |
3 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
19 |
Motocross |
0 |
0 |
6 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
6 |
Racquetball |
1 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
8 |
Roller Sports |
5 |
21 |
10 |
10 |
0 |
0 |
10 |
46 |
Rowing |
71 |
146 |
68 |
73 |
0 |
0 |
73 |
358 |
Sailing |
15 |
19 |
15 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
54 |
Shooting |
37 |
59 |
21 |
23 |
0 |
0 |
23 |
140 |
Skiing & Snowboarding |
225 |
34 |
70 |
59 |
36 |
0 |
95 |
424 |
Soccer |
30 |
64 |
35 |
14 |
0 |
0 |
14 |
143 |
Softball |
7 |
39 |
4 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
51 |
Speedskating |
75 |
42 |
79 |
44 |
80 |
0 |
124 |
320 |
Squash |
2 |
3 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
6 |
Swimming | 207 | 214 | 254 | 186 |
56 |
0 |
242 |
917 |
Synchronized Swimming |
5 |
10 |
4 |
6 |
0 |
0 |
6 |
25 |
Table Tennis |
0 |
5 |
9 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
16 |
Taekwondo |
4 |
12 |
20 |
7 |
0 |
0 |
7 |
43 |
Team Handball |
4 |
6 |
1 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
13 |
Tennis |
10 |
7 |
16 |
7 |
0 |
0 |
7 |
40 |
Track & Field | 398 | 699 | 418 | 403 |
47 |
0 |
450 | 1965 |
Triathlon |
37 |
110 |
76 |
38 |
70 |
0 |
108 |
331 |
Volleyball |
16 |
43 |
31 |
11 |
0 |
0 |
11 |
101 |
Water Polo |
7 |
43 |
10 |
24 |
0 |
0 |
24 |
84 |
Water Skiing |
3 |
2 |
6 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
16 |
Weightlifting |
92 |
66 |
43 |
45 |
15 |
0 |
60 |
261 |
Wrestling | 134 |
89 |
38 |
22 |
0 |
0 |
22 |
283 |
Paralympic Alpine Skiing |
6 |
6 |
4 |
6 |
15 |
0 |
21 |
37 |
Paralympic Archery |
2 |
0 |
10 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
15 |
Paralympic
Basketball |
6 |
40 |
4 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
55 |
Paralympic Boccia |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
Paralympic Curling |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
6 |
0 |
6 |
7 |
Paralympic Cycling |
9 |
21 |
10 |
11 |
0 |
0 |
11 |
51 |
Paralympic
Equestrian |
2 |
6 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
9 |
Paralympic Fencing |
0 |
0 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
Paralympic Goalball |
3 |
0 |
15 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
23 |
Paralympic Judo |
1 |
2 |
7 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
11 |
Paralympic Nordic Skiing |
8 |
2 |
0 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
4 |
14 |
Paralympic
Powerlifting |
1 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
Paralympic Rowing |
2 |
7 |
6 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
17 |
Paralympic Rugby |
5 |
19 |
4 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
33 |
Paralympic Sailing |
2 |
1 |
7 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
12 |
Paralympic
Shooting |
0 |
0 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
3 |
Paralympic Sled Hockey |
13 |
15 |
7 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
38 |
Paralympic Soccer |
2 |
3 |
1 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
8 |
Paralympic
Swimming |
12 |
71 |
25 |
9 |
0 |
0 |
9 |
117 |
Paralympic Table Tennis |
1 |
0 |
4 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
6 |
Paralympic Tennis |
2 |
0 |
11 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
16 |
Paralympic Track & Field |
20 |
62 |
17 |
11 |
0 |
0 |
11 |
110 |
Paralympic
Volleyball |
2 |
0 |
13 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
17 |
Quarterly
Subtotals: |
2080 | 2705 | 1912 | 1331 |
427 |
0 |
1758 | 8455 |
Other Sport
Federations |
||||||||
Australian Rules Football |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Ballroom Dancing |
0 |
8 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
8 |
Billiards |
0 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
Bocce |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Body Building |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Climbing |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
Deaf Sport |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Life Saving |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Netball |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Orienteering |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Paralympic Blind Bowling |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Rugby |
41 |
12 |
0 |
8 |
4 |
0 |
12 |
65 |
Paralympic Bowls |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Quarterly
Subtotals: |
41 |
22 |
2 |
8 |
4 |
0 |
12 |
77 |
Grand Totals: | 2121 | 2727 | 1914 | 1339 |
431 |
0 |
1770 | 8532 |
KEY:
OOC: Out-of-Competition Testing (no advance notice)
CAMP: Out-of-Competition Camp Testing
IC: In-Competition Testing
2008 Testing | |||||
Q1 |
Q2 |
Q3 | Q4 | Total | |
USADA Tests | |||||
OOC | 1,091 | 1,309 | 1,260 | 1,224 | 4,884 |
OOC Camp | 0 | 122 | 41 | 0 | 163 |
IC | 684 | 1,120 | 492 | 347 | 2,643 |
Total | 1,775 | 2,551 | 1,793 | 1,571 | 7,690 |
User Pay Tests
OOC | 277 |
89 |
51 |
115 |
532 |
OOC Camp |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
IC |
69 |
87 |
70 |
84 |
310 |
Total |
346 |
176 |
121 |
199 |
842 |
2,121 2,727 1,914 1,770 8,532
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